maiden names

Chinese women have gained the important personal right of being able to retain their maiden names .

独立的姓名权是中国妇女获得的一项重要人身权利。

In the United States most married women do not retain their maiden names .

在美国大部分结过婚的女人不会保留她们娘家的姓。

Judge Itsuro Terada noted that among the Japanese there was already informal use of maiden names , which eased the impact of the surname law .

法官itsuroTerada表示，在日本，娘家的姓也是可以随意使用的，这就缓解了同姓的规定带来的影响。

Women in Japan were traditionally able to retain their maiden names after marriage , until 1898 when the law was enacted as part of a feudal family system where all women and children came under control of the male head of the household .

传统上日本的妇女在婚后仍能够保留她们的名字，夫妻不同姓是被允许的，直到1898年，明治民法颁布这条法律作为封建家庭制度的一部分，要求妇女及儿童等家庭成员都要使用‘家氏'。